It comes after a joint investigation team on Thursday released findings that a Russian missile was used to shoot down the Malaysian Airlines passenger jet over eastern Ukraine on July 17, 2014.

"Australia and the Netherlands have now informed the Russian Federation that we hold it responsible under international law for its role in the bringing down of MH17," Foreign Affairs Minister Julie Bishop said on Friday.

She said the two countries requested Russia "enter into negotiations to open up a dialogue about its conduct and to seek reparations".

But the Kremlin was quick to denounce the investigation, saying it could not trust its findings as Russia had not been a full-fledged participant.

The passenger jet MH17 was headed from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur when it was blown out of the sky.

All 298 passengers and crew were killed, including 38 Australians.

Russia has always denied involvement in the downing of the jet.

Ms Bishop said Russia must now stop its "campaign of misinformation" and its efforts to discredit the legitimacy of the investigation findings.

"Its conduct and its role in bringing down MH17 showed a gross disregard for international norms and standards, and its conduct is utterly unacceptable," she said.

Russian President Vladimir Putin's spokesman, Dmitry Peskov, said on Friday that Russia has been barred from the investigation and thus could not trust its results.

Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said he told his Dutch counterpart, Stef Blok, that Moscow was ready to co-operate with the probe and warned investigators against stonewalling facts provided by Russia.

The Russian Defence Ministry claims the missile "more than likely" came from a Ukrainian arsenal as the fragments displayed by investigators indicated the Soviet-made missile was produced in 1986.

It said the Russian military decommissioned all missiles of that type in 2011.

Calls have emerged from the European Union and NATO for Russia to admit its role in the attack.

"The European Union calls on the Russian Federation to accept its responsibility and to fully co-operate with all efforts to establish accountability," EU foreign policy chief Federica Mogherini said in a statement on behalf of EU member states.

"The downing of MH17 was a global tragedy and those responsible must be held accountable," NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg said.

Earlier on Friday, an Australian man whose parents were killed in the disaster said it was good to see strong evidence that Russia was involved.

Paul Guard, whose parents Jill and Roger were on board MH17, told the ABC the international community needed to put pressure on Russia to take responsibility.

However, Mr Guard was doubtful Russia would admit its guilt.

"The US, I think, took over 10 years to acknowledge the shooting down of an Iranian jet," he said.

"I'm not expecting anything anytime soon."

Australian Associated Press